中小学英语基础知识-词法(三)

2023-11-30 来源:

  [正]The children wear very good clothes to go to school today.

  [析]英文中cloth,clothes,clothing是易混之词:cloth是物质名词,意为“布”,没有复数形式,而clothing是指衣物的 总称,也没有复数形式。clothes是指衣服,但没有单数形式,如:This clothing is needed in warm countries. Her clothes are made of fine cloth.英文中的dress则指较正规的服装,如:a school dress 校服,an evening dress晚礼服。

  [误]I like to study the English.

  [正]I like to study English.

  [析]作为一种学科名词前不要用冠词,而作为某一特指学科则要加冠词,如:I like to study history. I like to study the history of America.

  [误]The Browns is going to visit China.

  [正]The Browns are going to visit China.

  [析]定冠词加姓加s,则意为“Brown先生一家人”。所以应用复数谓语动词。此句应译为:Brown先生一家将要访问中国。

  (三) 例题解析

  1. Lucy and Lily___in the same class.

  A. am B. is C. are D. be

  [答案]C.

  [析]由and连接两个单数名词作主语时应按复数名词来搭配谓语动词。

  2. Which is the ___to the bus stop, please?

  A road B way C street D address

  [答案]B.

  [析]这是考察同意词辨析,road是指较宽阔的大道,意为“乡间公路”,而street意为道路两边的建筑物较高,可视为街道之意,而way则多为要到 达某地所要经过的途径,还可引深为方式、方法。而address则为“地址”。如:There is a car running along the country road. ?I live at 105 Park street. Can you show me the way to the National Museum?

  3. Hurry up!There is___ time left.

  A little B a little C few D a few

  [答案]A.

  [析]因time作为时间讲为不可数名词,所以不可用few,a few来修饰。另外,英文的表达法与中文不同,中文讲,快点,时间不多了,而英文要讲,快点,没时间了。因此,要用little而不用a little.

  4. How many ___can you see in the picture?

  A tomatos B tomatoes C tomato D the tomato

  [答案]B.

  [析]用How many提问时,其名词要用复数形式,而tomato的复数要加es.

  5. — ___is the meat. Please?

  — Ten yuan a kilo.

  A How much B How many C How old D How long

  [答案]A.

  [析]由对话的答语可看出其问句问的是价格。钱数作为整体、价格讲时,不论其值是多少都是不可数名词,要用how much 提问。

  6 The boy's name is James Allen Green. So his given name is___.

  A James Allen B Allen Green C James Green D Mr. Green

  [答案]A.

  [析]英文的习惯与中文不同,中文是姓在前名字在后,而英文则是姓在后,其第一个名字是由父母所起的,中间的名字可能是父母、教父所起的,但都可称作given name,而姓在英文中是family name.

  7 Shanghai is one of the biggest___in our country.

  A city B city's C citys D cities

  [答案]D.

  [析]复音字母以y结尾的单词的复数形式要把y变成i再加es。one of 加名词的结构中的名词应用复数。

  8 Would you please pass me___?

  A two paper

  B two papers

  C two pieces of paper D two pieces of papers

  [答案]C.

  [析]paper是不可数名词,如讲一张、两张纸时,要用量词piece.

  9 September 10th is ___Day.

  A Teacher B Teachers C Teacher's D Teachers'

  [答案]D.

  10 I only have___ bread for lunch today.

  A a bit B a bit of C little D few

  [答案]B.

  11 “What would you like, Ann? ”“I'd like two___.”

  A glass of milk B glasses of milk

  C glass of milks D glasses of milks

  [答案]B.

  12 There isn't ___ paper in the box. Will you go and get ___ for me?

  A any, some B any, any C some, some D some, any

  [答案]A.

  [析]any用于否定句与疑问句,但如果要表达说话者真心实意希望得到肯定答复时,问句中要用some而不要按一般语法规律用any.

  13 June 1st is___.

  A Children's day B children's Day

  C Children's Day D children's day

  [答案]C.

  14 These foreign friends are___.

  A German B Germen C Germany D Germans

  [答案]D.

  15 All the students are busy, so___ of them will go to the cinema.

  A many B little C a few D few

  [答案]D.

  [析]student是可数名词,而few用于可数名词,意为:几乎没有学生去电影院。

  16 There are three___and seven___in the picture.

  A deers, sheeps B deers, sheep

  C deer, sheep Ddeer, sheeps

  [答案]C.

  [析]deer与sheep均是单复同形的名词。

  17 Whose room is this? It's___.

  A my B Kike's and John's

  C our D Kike and John's

  [答案]D.

  [析]因为room为单数,所以不可能是Kike的一间与John的一间,应为二者共用的一间房子。

  [正]The children wear very good clothes to go to school today.

  [析]英文中cloth,clothes,clothing是易混之词:cloth是物质名词,意为“布”,没有复数形式,而clothing是指衣物的 总称,也没有复数形式。clothes是指衣服,但没有单数形式,如:This clothing is needed in warm countries. Her clothes are made of fine cloth.英文中的dress则指较正规的服装,如:a school dress 校服,an evening dress晚礼服。

  [误]I like to study the English.

  [正]I like to study English.

  [析]作为一种学科名词前不要用冠词,而作为某一特指学科则要加冠词,如:I like to study history. I like to study the history of America.

  [误]The Browns is going to visit China.

  [正]The Browns are going to visit China.

  [析]定冠词加姓加s,则意为“Brown先生一家人”。所以应用复数谓语动词。此句应译为:Brown先生一家将要访问中国。

  (三) 例题解析

  1. Lucy and Lily___in the same class.

  A. am B. is C. are D. be

  [答案]C.

  [析]由and连接两个单数名词作主语时应按复数名词来搭配谓语动词。

  2. Which is the ___to the bus stop, please?

  A road B way C street D address

  [答案]B.

  [析]这是考察同意词辨析,road是指较宽阔的大道,意为“乡间公路”,而street意为道路两边的建筑物较高,可视为街道之意,而way则多为要到 达某地所要经过的途径,还可引深为方式、方法。而address则为“地址”。如:There is a car running along the country road. ?I live at 105 Park street. Can you show me the way to the National Museum?

  3. Hurry up!There is___ time left.

  A little B a little C few D a few

  [答案]A.

  [析]因time作为时间讲为不可数名词,所以不可用few,a few来修饰。另外,英文的表达法与中文不同,中文讲,快点,时间不多了,而英文要讲,快点,没时间了。因此,要用little而不用a little.

  4. How many ___can you see in the picture?

  A tomatos B tomatoes C tomato D the tomato

  [答案]B.

  [析]用How many提问时,其名词要用复数形式,而tomato的复数要加es.

  5. — ___is the meat. Please?

  — Ten yuan a kilo.

  A How much B How many C How old D How long

  [答案]A.

  [析]由对话的答语可看出其问句问的是价格。钱数作为整体、价格讲时,不论其值是多少都是不可数名词,要用how much 提问。

  6 The boy's name is James Allen Green. So his given name is___.

  A James Allen B Allen Green C James Green D Mr. Green

  [答案]A.

  [析]英文的习惯与中文不同,中文是姓在前名字在后,而英文则是姓在后,其第一个名字是由父母所起的,中间的名字可能是父母、教父所起的,但都可称作given name,而姓在英文中是family name.

  7 Shanghai is one of the biggest___in our country.

  A city B city's C citys D cities

  [答案]D.

  [析]复音字母以y结尾的单词的复数形式要把y变成i再加es。one of 加名词的结构中的名词应用复数。

  8 Would you please pass me___?

  A two paper

  B two papers

  C two pieces of paper D two pieces of papers

  [答案]C.

  [析]paper是不可数名词,如讲一张、两张纸时,要用量词piece.

  9 September 10th is ___Day.

  A Teacher B Teachers C Teacher's D Teachers'

  [答案]D.

  10 I only have___ bread for lunch today.

  A a bit B a bit of C little D few

  [答案]B.

  11 “What would you like, Ann? ”“I'd like two___.”

  A glass of milk B glasses of milk

  C glass of milks D glasses of milks

  [答案]B.

  12 There isn't ___ paper in the box. Will you go and get ___ for me?

  A any, some B any, any C some, some D some, any

  [答案]A.

  [析]any用于否定句与疑问句,但如果要表达说话者真心实意希望得到肯定答复时,问句中要用some而不要按一般语法规律用any.

  13 June 1st is___.

  A Children's day B children's Day

  C Children's Day D children's day

  [答案]C.

  14 These foreign friends are___.

  A German B Germen C Germany D Germans

  [答案]D.

  15 All the students are busy, so___ of them will go to the cinema.

  A many B little C a few D few

  [答案]D.

  [析]student是可数名词,而few用于可数名词,意为:几乎没有学生去电影院。

  16 There are three___and seven___in the picture.

  A deers, sheeps B deers, sheep

  C deer, sheep Ddeer, sheeps

  [答案]C.

  [析]deer与sheep均是单复同形的名词。

  17 Whose room is this? It's___.

  A my B Kike's and John's

  C our D Kike and John's

  [答案]D.

  [析]因为room为单数,所以不可能是Kike的一间与John的一间,应为二者共用的一间房子。

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