动词
1. 连系动词
(1)连系动词常用的语法结构
①连系动词+形容词(这种结构最多)
He is not a big man,but he looks strong.
他个子不高,但看起来很强壮。
②连系动词+名词
be,become,appear,prove,remain,seem和turn等
Her dream has now become a reality.
她的梦想已变成现实。
③连系动词+分词
appear,become,come,feel,get,grow,lie,look,prove,remain,seem,stand等
She seemed lacking in imagination.
她似乎缺乏想象力。
④连系动词+介词短语
appear,come,continue,fall,grow,keep,look,prove,remain,seem,smell,sound,stand,taste等
He seems on the watch to control himself.
他似乎很注意控制自己。
⑤连系动词+不定式
2. 助动词
常 见 的 助 动 词 有 :be(am,is,are,was,were,being,been),have(has,had),do(does,did,done),shall(should),will(would)等。例如:
He did have a good time yesterday.
他昨天确实玩得很高兴。
3. 实义动词(及物动词和不及物动词)
(1)及物动词的用法
①有宾语,否则意思不完整,可用于被动语态
I always review my lessons in the evening.
我总是在晚上复习功课。
②有些可带双宾语,例如:leave,show,bring,lend,teach,give,tell,hand,send,pass等
The doctors are giving the patient emergency treatment.
医生们正在给病人紧急抢救。
③少数及物动词有一个宾语,还有一个补足语来使其意义完
整,例如:name,call,term,get,have,find,make,keep,turn,believe,consider 等
We must keep the room clean.
我们得保持屋子整洁。
(2)不及物动词的用法
①不接宾语,表示的动作本身意义完整,没有被动语态
Her plan had changed.
她的计划已经改变了。
②有些在后面加一定的介词构成一个动词词组,可看做及物动词,后面接宾语
The students have been looking after an old man for a long time.
学生们一直在照顾一位老人,已有些日子了。
(3)英语中兼作及物动词和不及物动词的动词主要有以下几类
①词义不变
Tigers eat meat.
老虎吃肉。(及物动词)
We eat at six.
我们6点吃饭。(不及物动词)